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KMID : 1124020040200010027
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Korean Social Security Studies
2004 Volume.20 No. 1 p.27 ~ p.58
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A Study of Women´ Political Participation and Women´s Welfare Policy in Korea
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Kim Young-Lan
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Abstract
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After ´80 korean women movement, with the democratization movement, was qualitatively changed into the progressive women movement, which has a different character from the traditional women organizations and is based on the feminism that traces sex-discrimination to its fundamental origin and solution. The women movement reveals various women´s problems as social problem and demands politically to solve the problems. It, moreover, tries to shape policy and legislate by issuing political debate from the problems. In the process women and their problems came to be brought before politics increasingly, the policy agenda included the political discussion issued by feminist thought and activity, and the systemic device which executes the women-related policy was made. The policy, however, is sure to be shaped and decided through a series of process, such as demand and issue of specific needs, and political agenda anti decision.The women´s welfare problems are no other than the weak people´s in politics and economy, so that they meet with resistance of the patriarchal forces, they are difficult to be legislated, and although they are legislated, they have many limits. In Korea in the late half of ´80, the women movement forces with the democratization movement could intervene in the process of shaping and deciding policy to a certain extent. And each political party commits to the women-related policy because of increasing women´s participation into politics as an electorate. There are a few Congresswoman as a policy-decision member, but they exert an influence upon the process of deciding the women-related policy. It is sure that the roles of women electorate and assembly-women, women organizations, and their relationship are an important effect upon the direction of women´s welfare policy. The study aims to analyze how women´s participation into politics exerts and influence upon shape and decision of women´s welfare policy. It examines women´s welfare policy processing on the basis of demands from the bottom not fro the upside. It surveys women´s welfare policies, especially the gender equality employment law which was legislated in 1987 and amended four times by 2001. It, also, relates centering on the Equal Opportunity Law to women´s participation into politics and opposition of patriarchal forces, the domestic and foreign circumstances and change of law character etc.
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KEYWORD
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the Equal Opportunity Law, women’s welfare policy, gender-neutral, gender-difference, gender-reinforcement, de-gendering
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